David Leggett's unique web log on the global automotive industry, key events, people and his own daily experiences. If you would like to offer your comments, opinions, suggest topics or just have a good rant, please feel free to email: David Leggett. |
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What is the 'American auto industry'?
7th January 2009 18:09
There's a tendency for people to talk about 'Detroit' as if the Big 3 are synonymous with the US auto industry. It's a bit more complicated than that, as you know. I have come across an interesting article on Forbes that highlights the importance of the 'other' US auto industry - the foreign-owned one, which nevertheless contributes hugely to the US economy.
Does ownership and where it resides (often nominally - eg where most of the publicly traded shares are listed) or where the global HQ is actually matter? Less so than it once did, but I think it still does. I wouldn't advocate going fully down the UK route where it's all foreign-owned now ('it's not the British motor industry any longer, it's the motor industy in Britain' - SMMT CEO Simon Foster, circa 1990).
A mix of domestic and foreign is probably ideal. All domestic smacks of the Malaysia-style state champion approach with Proton (that has left it uncompetitive and ultimately exposed by freer trade in ASEAN). You want some competition in the market, not to mention the scale benefits for suppliers, that inward investment should bring with it.
But the US federal package for the Big 3 illustrates that government can still have traction with domestic companies in extreme cicumstances when it is looking at pulling economic levers to, for example, mitigate the impact of recession. Public money for a subsidiary of a foreign-owned company would be much more problematic, even if it was in taxpayers' interests.
America's Foreign Automaker Capitals
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Let them play darts
7th January 2009 17:02
The news bulletins today have a couple of headlines in them that I seem to have heard before. It's a case of 'here we go again'. Without wishing to trivialise what I know is a very serious subject, the latest military skirmish taking place in the Middle East is one example. That whole underlying conflict just seems to rumble along with occasional flare-ups, little real prospect of lasting resolution (and 'envoy' Tony Blair doesn't seem to have made a big impact does he?).
I feel sorry for the vast majority of the people who live there - on both sides of the divide - who just want some stability and the chance to live decent lives without feeling threatened. Tragic.
Less tragic is Russia and the Ukraine having an argument over the price of natural gas that is spilling over to impact other countries in Europe. Deja vu again. It's not clear to me what the underlying politics of that one are, but if an old lady in Budapest is having trouble keeping warm in her flat this winter, that surely cannot be right.
And it looks like there is also an impact on industry. Mind you, car plants in Central Europe that have to trim output right now due to an energy shortage might not be too troubled. There's probably a fair bit of inventory out the back.
Conflict resolution is frequently not a piece of cake, but I read something earlier that made me smile. I should warn you, we're about to go a little off-piste...and land on the oche.
Now, let me just say that I have been known to throw darts in a pub and I must also admit I find the professional 'sport' of arrow throwing in Britain a bit captivating for all sorts of reasons. It's something else; the practitioners are obviously real pedigree athletes with finely honed skills. Darwinian. There's also the rapid-fire mental gymnastics going on ('it's a three dart checkout if he goes treble 18, double 12, bull'). And the fans are pretty passionate, too.
Look, we're all the same deep down, much more in common with each other than we realise etc (actually, that's something you appreciate if you travel around in the auto industry). People, please stop the endless arguing/fighting. Why not just have a good game of darts and sort yourselves out...
British darts official speaking to a reporter: "..we had Persian TV visiting, because Iran is a real growth area, with 500,000 members in the Iranian darts federation.
"They've latched on to the fact that darts can bring different people together in peace. Instead of sitting down and debating things, they should have a game of darts."
If only, if only.
Link to full article about, ahem, the glorious sport of darts.
SLOVAKIA/HUNGARY: Gas 'shortage' adds to automaker woes
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Top end of the market problems
7th January 2009 14:25
I have just been speaking on the phone to a reporter at the local newspaper The Stoke Sentinel about Bentley. He regularly calls for a steer on some of the broader auto industry trends and how they might impact the local firm.
How do things look for top-end prestige brands like Bentley right now? Not good. Bentley has been a success story in that it has successfully broadened its range with the Continental GT to a part of the market that was massively under developed - the relatively fallow area between the premium Germans and the even more expensive supercar brands.
Its customers are high-net worth people and the number of these minted guys and gals has soared over the past decade. Many will have been new to Bentley, having come from the swollen ranks of monied property developers, financial sector wizards and an ever expanding emerging market nouveau riche (China and Russia, as well as the Middle East). Okay, plus some footballers and a sprinkling of so-called celebs who appear in supermarket TV ads when they are not in rehab.
How much of the boom in demand for Bentleys has been of an 'effervescent' nature? By effervescent, I mean that it was perhaps a little bit unsustainable and extraordinary in that it was propelled by the boom in financial services and asset prices that has come to an abrupt end.
If we accept that there is a big correction going on globally after the credit-fuelled financial excesses of the recent past, it may well be felt more by the likes of Bentley than the guys who make econoboxes. At the very least and even in a best case scenario, I would imagine Bentley will have a huge challenge to recover volume lost in this downturn. Market conditions may never be quite as favourable again.
Maybe Paefgen realises that and that's why Bentley has been getting a more overt green hue of late (with the talk of much greater powertrain efficiency for lower CO2 and biofuel compatible engines). It's super-luxury, but with some social responsibility thrown in.
But Bentley as a brand has certainly been rejuvenated under Volkswagen, however uncertain future prospects are right now. It's maybe a victim of its own success in terms of having to face lower volumes than it has just got used to. If you'll recall the rather odd circumstances of the split of Bentley and RR, not many would have expected VW to have done so well with it.
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Fender and Defender
5th January 2009 18:33
I'm a big fan of analogies and metaphors to help make points or draw lessons from history. The more creative or unusual they can be, still hanging together, the better (though you have to be careful with them; sometimes they can mislead). I enjoyed Mark Bursa's study of how Fender, under threat from low-cost competition, embraced that competition and contracted out manufacturing activity to the very people who threatened to put it out of business. Fender managed to carry on in business by going to where the cost is low and building its clever brand strategy on top of that. The parallels with the car business are certainly there. As Mark points out, this is the same low-cost manufacturing outsourcing model that the auto industry has been adopting. I guess the question is, how far do you take it?
With reference to JLR and the Land Rover Defender, I suspect the idea of making that vehicle in India will be something Tata will be definitely looking at, along with a possible rationalisation of UK manufacturing capacity.
Did wonder whether Mark's reference to Pink Floyd's Dave Gilmour was more than a bit wistful (I know he likes his music very much). Maybe in that parallel dimension we all sometimes imagine there's a megaband with a lead guitarist known by the very simple moniker, 'Coolbear'.
ANALYSIS: How to rebuild an icon
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Funny ol' Friday
2nd January 2009 13:53
Today is a funny one isn't it? Some people are back at work, some are not. Some have holiday hangovers, some do not. If you are at work, there's maybe a sense of it being a bit quiet ahead of the main return to normality on Monday. It's a short week at least and today is perhaps a gentle way to ease yourself back into the world of work. I'll wish you a Happy New Year anyway.
The December US light vehicle numbers are out on Monday and another rough month is being widely predicted - the overall market number is likely to be 30-40% down on last year.
And as we look ahead to what this year has in store, it's not exactly the brightest of prospects. One silver lining in the general economic gloom: at least oil is cheap and likely to remain so. It looks like we won't have that pump price shock thing to contend with on top of the market downturn this year.
And another 'positive': the year-on-year trend in market numbers will be looking less bad as the comparison starts to be against a lower bench and the trend flattens out (I realise a bottoming out of demand isn't much of a positive, but I'm trying). The auto industry has probably been one of the worst performing sectors - alongside financial services, housing and consumer goods retailing - in terms of being hit hard and early by this economic downturn. The worst may not yet be over, but we know what to expect at least. More of the same until the economy gets a whole lot better. That's still the key.
Any other positives worth noting? Plusses are a wee bit thin on the ground. At least my urgent requirement to heat food on the move has finally been sorted and who can fail to have the cockles of their heart warmed by the tale of a hoarder who left behind a vintage Bugatti? Amazing.
Enjoy your weekend. Monday may be a slightly rude awakening.
US: December market headed under 10m units SAAR
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Good wishes to all
23rd December 2008 13:04
Well, that's almost it for this year. It just remains for me to sign off and wish you all the best for the festive season (should you get one) and the year to come.
The just-auto editorial department will be having a festive break from tomorrow (December 24) and we'll be back in your inbox on January 2, 2009.
At least we here are fortunate enough to get a voluntary holiday break. For some the break this year will be involuntary and indefinite.
These have been - and still are - testing times for many and thoughts at this time are with those who have lost their jobs.
As a contributor to the just-auto forums recently noted, the numbers themselves also represent more than just a cost saving. There's a human cost. Many lives, at the very least, are disrupted, livelihoods or careers lost or damaged. In this industry at least, many companies have displayed an admirable degree of humanity as they attempt to transform in these trying times and that's good to see.
Let me at least end on a positive note. Restructuring and cost cutting, though painful, will be making many companies leaner and fitter. Energies will be focused much more intensely on what really works and gets a return. This is a resilient industry that has been adapting to one of the great challenges of our time in the shape of the environment. Getting through this recession in good shape is another challenge to face.
And when you look at some of the new products launched or coming and some of the research and development work going on, there's good reason to feel optimistic about this industry and its future prospects. It makes products that excite and are still at the very core of our lifestyle.
In emerging markets cars and car brands are hugely aspirational and those markets will continue to grow in the future. People love cars. And commercial vehicles are the lifeblood of the economy. This industry may be undergoing change but it isn't going away.
I would like to take this opportunity to wish everyone out there a happy, successful and peaceful 2009.
I would also like to thank the dedicated team around me - on the staff and also the freelance contributors - that create just-auto and also you for your continued support.
2009 will be a challenging year in the automotive industry globally, but when was that not the case?
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Toyota operating loss
22nd December 2008 16:05
If ever there was a sign of the collective nature of the immediate problems facing the auto industry generally, Toyota's announcement that it foresees an operating loss is surely it. Even the mighty Toyota is being buffeted by recessionary winds across the globe (okay, and a high yen).
What will Toyota's response be? Cost-cutting generally and looking to up the ratio of overseas to domestic production wherever possible are probably bankers.
But besides pulling back on new investments, it's still pretty unclear where markets are ultimately headed, where exchange rates will settle and therefore where you want to max out or reduce production capacity.
The industry forecasters have an unusually difficult task right now in trying to work out where automotive markets are going and on what timescale. How long will demand stay below trend and how much 'pent-up' automotive demand is building? Will credit taps gradually be turned on again over time? If so, how quickly?
Or is there a structural change taking place, consumers 'deleveraging' wherever they can and discovering that the household four- or five-year-old car is actually rather reliable (well done automakers!) and maybe not in need of replacement every two or three years after all? When credit becomes more available, will more of these people decide that actually they don't want it, preferring the extended car replacement cycles that save money?
For the economists and TIV (Total Industry Volume) forecasters it's about making some very difficult calls for a base case or central forecast for automotive markets over the next two years. I expect scenario forecasting will become even more popular next year.
JAPAN: Toyota predicts operating loss
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The credit problem
19th December 2008 18:44
I have just been chatting with Michelle Krebs over in snowy Detroit about today's developments on the 'bailout' of GM and Chrysler. The loans buy some time. How tight is it? Well, the energy department loan finance is on top, so it's maybe much better than it looks. This should see Detroit through to March 31.
Michelle made a very good point, which is that the underlying problem is the need for the banks to get lending again in order for market volume to recover.
Edmunds.com estimates that December's US sales will come in at 38% down on last year with a SAAR of just 9.8m units. Yes folks, an annualised running rate under 10m units. In 2007, the market was over 16m units.
There's certainly plenty for Obama to think about when he contemplates what Bush is handing over in January. And that's when the looking beyond the 'bridge to a bridge' gets going in earnest.
Just how do you get the banks lending again? As BO himself has observed, super-low 0% interest rates don't do a lot of good if you would like the finance but just can't get it.
US [updated 15:45GMT]: GM and Chrysler get fed loans
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Aston Martin Routemaster
19th December 2008 13:46
There has been a competition on to design a contemporary Routemaster bus (the classic red London double-decker bus that was phased out a few years ago and replaced with single deck articulated 'bendy buses'). A team from Aston Martin jointly won it.
If you follow the below link, there's a pdf that tells you more about the entries.
In the 'imagine' category kids have sent designs in, accompanied by short descriptions.
A ten-year-old apparently wrote this:
"I designed my bus to be eco friendly and comfortable for the passengers inside it. The bus has a hybrid engine powered by bio fuel. My bus has fuel saving tyres; the bus also has a lightweight aluminium streamlined body made out of recycled material."
Bright lad.
Your Comments
Let us hope that the proposed powertrain is up to the job. As a regular bus passenger I find the current gearboxes quite agricultural. Certainly on the double deckers there is still a heat dissipation problem on hot days, and the fuel consumption is I guess 40-55 gallons a day. A mpg meter amongst the driver's instruments might help even on existing models.
It is still early days but if F1 can survive the current financial crisis, and KERS proves durable we may have the basis of a really efficient cost effective powertrain. The regen braking will take the heat out of the system as well as saving fuel.
The addition cost of lightweight materials will easily be amortised over the lifetime of the vehicle and the design must concentrate on serviceability and whole lifetime costs, just like the original Routemaster.
There were some teething troubles way back around 1960 with sheered off steering columns and inadequate heating however with CAD and FEA these should not happen again. I know it's expensive, but way back in the 1950's several designs were trialled in sevice for a year or two, so perhaps our new prototypes need that extended prooving, even with an interim powertrain if the definitive one is not immediatly available.
supersparks, United Kingdom
On seeing a team from Aston Martin won the prize, it prompted me into wondering:- Will it be powered by a twin turbo changed Diesel giving a 0-60 in 4.2 seconds. If so, how will granny's safely get up and down the stairs. Will it have front and rear facing speed camera seeking missiles. Can it have the oil slick facility making it virtually impossible to overtake at Piccadilly Circus. Will it have ejector seats for undesirable passengers. Can it have a remote control to allow the driver to send it round and round marble arch, whilst he's getting a McDonalds. Will it have booster rockets to allow it to jump a partially open tower bridge. And finally a horn that plays the 007 theme tune. Sorry to make light of an important award, just felt like as change from the doom and gloom. From one Engineer to others. Merry Christmas.
David Standing, United Kingdom
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JLR supply chain
19th December 2008 8:55
I heard an interesting item on the radio this morning that very amply illustrates how the supply chain in the English West Midlands is being hit very hard and quickly by reduced output at Jaguar Land Rover (JLR). When Rover went belly-up a few years' back, suppliers knew the writing was on the wall for some time before it hit, and could prepare by diversifying their customer base.
And the ultimate impact of that failure on the UK automotive supplier industry was much less severe than feared.
The current business crisis, on the other hand, has hit much more suddenly - in Britain's manufacturing heartland, as elsewhere in the world.
The radio clip is a reminder of the reason why the British government will feel compelled to act: jobs. This is about managing the economy so that the immediate impact of the recession is minimised and - more importantly - that long-term damage to Britain's economic health is kept to a minimum. When companies are gone, assets sold off at auction by the receivers, that's your lot. They're really gone. And manufacturing jobs are maybe seen as even more important in Britain now that the dangers of relying too much on services (especially financial) have been shown up so graphically.
In the recession of the early 1980s Britain lost a lot of manufacturing capacity. The loss to employment was severe, but the economy later grew its services sector dramatically to take up the slack. And some new manufacturing activity came in (eg FDI by Japanese car companies). But there was a pronounced structural shift in the economy from manufacturing to high-growth services. It's hard to see that happening again in the next decade. Hanging on to manufacturing jobs looks like the thing to try and do right now.
While Jaguar Land Rover may be owned by an Indian conglomerate, there are scores of jobs (and many are high value jobs, requiring skills and training) in Britain dependent upon its operation - directly and indirectly. Some will say that UK taxpayer money should not be used to support (via a soft loan to aid liquidity) a foreign-owned company and effectively transfer substantial UK Treasury resources to Tata. And it's a debate well worth having that illustrates one of the consequencies of globalisation in the modern corporate world. The lines of responsibility and accountability have become much more complex.
But in the cold reality of struggling companies and potentially harmful knock-on effects, governments will find it very difficult to stay out. To not get involved risks long-term damage to manufacturing capacity and the economy happening by default.
Tata is holding a few cards here. If support is not forthcoming, the spectre of work and jobs shifted from the UK to India might well come into play (and that can be an unspoken threat lurking in the background). From the vantage point of Bombay House (Tata's Mumbai HQ), to what extent should it be supporting or underwriting jobs (and relatively expensive ones at that) in Britain? The UK government, like many others facing up to this sudden economic crisis, has little choice but to act - and quickly.
After the dramatic banking sector shore-up in the autumn, it's the so-called real economy requiring support now.
It's maybe not as dramatic as Lehman going bust overnight, but the long-term consequences of what's now occuring in manufacturing industry - much of it under the radar in the small supplier companies - could be just as serious, if not more so.
Your Comments
And the same principle applies--writ much larger--for the industrial heartland of the US.
John Voelcker, United States
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Your Comments
In South Africa ALL personnel at banks , finance houses, brokerages and retail shops e.g. furniture shops were compulsorily made to attend and pass the National Credit Act Course.(NAC). The implementation of this act has ramifications not only on the quality of borrower or credit receiver but also on the credit passing criteria and standard of passing deals by the credit provider and if it can be proven that reckless lending is evident the consequences to the credit provider can be very serious such as the loan being partly set aside, interest and or payments suspended.This Act has had a marked effect on growth of credit in all areas especially in the motor industry but its long term effect will be beneficial to the S A economy. Charles Finch.
charles finch
Mr. Duffy is largely right, but anecdotal evidence suggests that even buyers with impeccable credit are having trouble getting loans. And the problem is that the market reverted from 2007 credit standards to early-Eighties standards in all of about 4 months. There's a happy medium that needs to be achieved before any measurable of viability returns. Ms. Krebs is entirely right on that score.
John Voelcker, United States
Lending is NOT the answer. Prudent lending is the answer - something the Yanks do not quite understand. Most of the globe is in recession because of cavalier lending in the US. Remember how everyone criticised Mitsubishi Motors US for lending at no deposit, no interest for three years and no repayments. It nearly sent the global Mitsubishi to the wall. More recently, the ready availability of funds for housing and gas guzzling truck-sized SUVs gave the world so-called sub-prime loans (known anywhere else as "bad debt"). I wonder what the US will call it next time. "Non-performing loans" was used last time, "Sub-prime loans" was this time. But trust the Yanks to come up with some fancy name.
Mike Duffy, Australia